Usage of "may" in speaking

 The modal verb "may" is used in speaking to express several different ideas, including:

Permission: "May" is commonly used to ask for or grant permission.

   - "May I borrow your pen, please?"

   - "You may leave the classroom now."

Possibility: "May" can also indicate a possibility or likelihood of something happening.

   - "It may rain later, so you might want to bring an umbrella."

   - "She may come to the party tonight, but she hasn't decided yet."

Polite Requests or Offers: "May" is often used to make polite requests or offers.

   - "May I help you with your bags?"

   - "May I offer you some refreshments?"

Wishes or Desires: In a more formal context, "may" can express wishes or desires.

   - "May all your dreams come true."

   - "May you have a happy and prosperous new year."

Speculation or Conjecture: "May" can also be used to speculate or make conjectures about a situation.

   - "He may have missed the train; that's why he's not here yet."

   - "The package may have been delivered while we were out."

Prohibitions (less common): In very formal or legal contexts, "may" can be used to express a prohibition or restriction.

   - "You may not enter this area without proper authorization."

In everyday conversation, "may" is most commonly used for seeking or granting permission and expressing possibilities. However, its usage can vary depending on the context and formality of the situation.